What is an economical method to control soil-borne fungi, bacteria, and nematodes during the establishment of high-value ornamentals?

Soil fumigants are a highly effective and economical method for controlling soil-borne fungi, bacteria, and nematodes, particularly in the establishment phase of high-value ornamentals. These substances work by being applied to the soil in a gaseous state, where they penetrate the soil to target and eliminate pathogens and pests that can hinder plant growth and health. The use of soil fumigants allows for a more immediate and comprehensive reduction of harmful organisms compared to other methods, ensuring that the plants have a healthier environment right from the start.

This method is particularly crucial in high-value ornamental cultivation, where the success of the plants directly affects profitability. Unlike fertilization, which primarily focuses on providing nutrients rather than controlling harmful organisms, soil fumigants target specific pests and pathogens. Crop rotation and cover cropping can help improve soil health and reduce some pest populations over time, but they do not provide the immediate and targeted control that fumigants do, making them less effective for newly established ornamentals that require an optimal growing environment from the outset. Thus, soil fumigants offer a concentrated and efficient approach to managing harmful soil organisms in a way that promotes the success of ornamental plants right from establishment.